General Pathology for veterinary students Strzelce Opolskie

GENERAL PATHOLOGY for veterinary students Spis treci Paramount definitions ... 9 CHAPTER 1. PATHOLOGY – THE SCIENCE OF DISEASE ... 13 Rafa Sapierzyski Introduction. General problems: a definition of pathology, division of disciplines in pathology ... 13 Pathologist’s workshop ... 16 Pathologist’s tasks ... 29 References ... 30 CHAPTER 2. AN OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY OF PATHOMORPHOLOGY ... 31 Magorzata Sobczak-Filipiak Joint history of medicine and veterinary medicine ... 31 Pathological anatomy as a separate field of science ... 33 Early days of pathomorphology in Poland ... 33 Veterinary medicine – vocational education ... 34 Pathological anatomy in study curricula ... 35 Our collaborators ... 36 References ... 39 CHAPTER 3. ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS ... 41 Anna Rodo Introduction ... 41 Genetic factors ... 41 Physical factors ... 42 Biological factors ... 50 Chemical factors ... 60 Nutritional factors ... 70 References ... 73 CHAPTER 4. EVERYTHING ORIGINATES FROM THE CELL ... 75 Katarzyna Kliczkowska Klarowicz Introduction ... 75 Animal cell structure ... 75 Osmotic balance in the cell ... 77 Mechanisms of cellular damage ... 78 References ... 81 CHAPTER 5. LETHAL DAMAGE, CELL DEATH AND DEATH OF THE ORGANISM ... 83 Magorzata Sobczak-Filipiak Introduction ... 83 Necrosis ... 83 Apoptosis ... 94 Death of the organism ... 97 References ... 106 CHAPTER 6. SUBLETHAL INJURY – PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE – DEGENERATION ... 107 Izabela Dolka Introduction ... 107 Mechanisms of intracellular accumulation ... 109 Water and electrolyte metabolism disorders ... 110 Protein metabolism disorder including amyloid degeneration ... 113 Lipid metabolism disorders ... 137 Carbohydrate metabolism disorders ... 147 Pigment metabolism disorders ... 150 Copper metabolism disorders ... 173 Mineral metabolism disorders ... 175 References ... 194 CHAPTER 7. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DISORDERS ... 197 Hanna Sendecka Introduction ... 197 Abnormal filling of blood vessels ... 197 Blood cell concentration and structure disorders ... 205 Haemorrhages ... 208 Coagulation disorders ... 215 Embolism and infarction as its consequence ... 223 Non-inflammatory oedema ... 228 Shock ... 236 Blood vessel structure disorders ... 241 References ... 244 CHAPTER 8. TERATOLOGY – CONGENITAL DISORDERS ... 245 Rafa Sapierzyski Introduction ... 245 Pathogenesis of congenital disorders ... 248 Causes of congenital disorders ... 249 The classification of malformations – structural teratogenesis ... 259 References ... 268 CHAPTER 9. DISORDERS OF CELLULAR GROWTH, MATURATION AND DIFFERENTIATION ... 269 Rafa Sapierzyski Introduction ... 269 Capacity of cells and tissues for proliferation and differentiation ... 272 Adaptation ... 275 Disorders of growth, maturation and differentiation of cells ... 276 References ... 302 CHAPTER 10. ACUTE INFLAMMATION ... 303 Wojciech Bielecki Introduction ... 303 Inflammatory reaction components ... 308 The course of acute inflammatory reaction ... 313 The morphological picture of acute inflammation ... 316 Outcome of acute inflammation ... 325 Systemic effects of acute inflammation ... 327 References ... 328 CHAPTER 11. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION AND TISSUE REPAIR ... 329 Wojciech Bielecki Introduction ... 329 The role of inflammatory infiltration cells ... 330 The mechanism of development and causes of chronic inflammation ... 333 Granulomatous inflammation ... 335 Tissue repair ... 342 References ... 350 CHAPTER 12. BASICS OF IMMUNOPATHOLOGY ... 351 Katarzyna Kliczkowska Klarowicz Introduction ... 351 Immunological response ... 351 Immune system cells ... 352 Immune system disorders ... 354 References ... 372 CHAPTER 13. NEOPLASIA ... 373 Rafa Sapierzyski Introduction ... 373 General characteristics of neoplasms ... 373 Etiopathogenesis of neoplasms ... 399 Biological behaviour of malignant neoplasms ... 422 Tumour – host relationships ... 443 Clinical aspects of neoplastic disease in animals – the outline of clinical oncology ... 459 References ... 470