Computer Networks in Packet Tracer for beginners (E-book) Nowe Brzesko

The book: “COMPUTER NETWORKS IN PACKET TRACER FOR BEGINNERS" provides advice for people who want to learn about the operation of networks and the hardware that makes up today's network architecture. Beginners will learn how to download the simulator software and how to start working with it. The reader will find here the basics of configuring network devices. He will learn network services such as: TELNET, SSH, FTP, EMAIL, DHCP, DNS and routing protocols RIP, EIGRP, OSPF. Learn how to design and deploy virtual VLAN networks. The authors, describing the issues of administering computer networks, use many examples and exercises. The book is an updated compilation of our Packet Tracer publications for CISCO courses, has a described, changed interface of the currently latest Packet Tracer software and contains a set of new examples and exercises. The authors of this book are an intergenerational and interdisciplinary team. A talented student of the School of Communication in Gdańsk, Damian Strojek. His passion is computer networks, he has a set of CCNA R&S certificates and is in the middle of the CCNA Security educational path. Jerzy Kluczewski, long-time instructor of the CISCO CCNA Academy. His authorial achievements already include several books on the Packet Tracer simulator. He gained his experience while working in industry, currently he is a lecturer at the WSB University in Gdańsk. Robert Wszelaki is passionate about networking and programming. He completed a full CISCO CCNA course. He is a graduate of ZS1 in Piekary Śląskie, currently studying computer science at the Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science of the Silesian University of Technology. Marek Smyczek is an experienced teacher of IT and electrical subjects, and at the same time an instructor of the CISCO CCNA program. He is the author and editor of several dozen publications in the fields of electronics and computer science. Translations: Joanna Margowniczy English teacher at Primary School No. 13 in Jaworzno and ZDZ in Sosnowiec, international IT ESSENTIALS instructor, OKE examiner. Spis treści: TABLE OF CONTENTS1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 111.1 MAIN CHANGES IN THE PACKET TRACER 8.2 ............................................................. 111.2 DETAILED COMMENTS APPLYING TO THE PROGRAM VERSION. ...................................... 121.3 KEEP ME LOGGED IN OPTION .................................................................................. 121.4 THE MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS. .................................................................. 132 DOWNLOADING AND INSTALLING CISCO PACKET TRACER ................................ 172.1 DOWNLOADING FROM NETACAD .......................................................................... 172.2 INSTALLING THE PACKET TRACER (VERSION 8.2.0) ..................................................... 232.3 THE FIRST RUN OF THE PACKET TRACER PROGRAM ..................................................... 243 GETTING STARTED WITH THE CISCO PACKET TRACER ........................................ 293.1 THE MAIN PROGRAM WINDOW ............................................................................. 293.2 THE MAIN AREAS OF THE PROGRAM WINDOW .......................................................... 303.3 TOOLBAR ICONS ................................................................................................... 323.4 GENERAL PURPOSE TOOLBAR ICONS ........................................................................ 354 BASICS OF WORKING WITH THE CISCO PACKET TRACER .................................... 394.1 FIRST STEPS ........................................................................................................ 394.1.1 Working with Devices .............................................................................. 394.1.2 Replacing and Adding Modules ............................................................... 404.1.3 Network Cabling ...................................................................................... 454.1.4 Connecting Devices.................................................................................. 474.1.5 Basic Device Configuration ...................................................................... 494.1.5.1 Global Configuration Mode ............................................................................. 494.1.5.2 Desktop Tools .................................................................................................. 504.1.6 Check the Status of Your Configuration ................................................... 524.1.6.1 Status of Network Adapter LEDs .................................................................... 524.1.6.2 IP Address Display .......................................................................................... 544.1.6.3 Inspect Tool ..................................................................................................... 544.1.6.4 Command Line for PC ..................................................................................... 554.1.7 Testing Connection (Real Mode) ............................................................. 574.1.7.1 Simple Way - Graphic PING ........................................................................... 574.1.7.2 Standard Method - PING via Command Line ................................................. 584.1.7.3 Advanced Graphic PING ................................................................................. 594.1.8 Testing Connection (Simulation Mode) ................................................... 615 DEVICES USED TO CREATE NETWORK ............................................................... 675.1 HUBS ................................................................................................................. 675.2 REPEATERS ......................................................................................................... 775.3 BRIDGES ............................................................................................................. 785.3.1 Two-segment Network Built with Two Hubs ........................................... 785.3.2 Sample Network with a Bridge ................................................................ 805.4 SWITCHES ........................................................................................................... 835.5 ACCESS POINTS .................................................................................................... 865.6 OTHER ACCESS POINT WIRELESS DEVICES ................................................................. 925.6.1 LAP-PT Devices ........................................................................................ 925.6.2 3702i Device ............................................................................................ 925.6.3 WLC-PT Device ......................................................................................... 935.6.4 WLC-2504 Device ..................................................................................... 935.7 WI-FI ACCESS ROUTERS ........................................................................................ 945.7.1 Standard Configuration of the Wi-Fi Router ............................................ 945.7.2 Configuration of Wi-Fi Router via HTTP .................................................. 995.8 DEVICES FOR CREATING GSM NETWORKS .............................................................. 1185.9 HARDWARE FIREWALLS ....................................................................................... 1195.9.1 Meraki-MX65W Device ......................................................................... 1195.9.2 Meraki-Server Device ............................................................................ 1205.9.3 ASA5505 and ASA5506 Devices ............................................................. 1215.9.3.1 ASA 5505 Device ............................................................................................ 1225.9.3.2 ASA 5506 Device ............................................................................................ 1226 BASICS OF DATA TRANSMISSION AND OVERVIEW OF NETWORK SERVICES ..... 1256.1 TRANSMISSION TYPES ......................................................................................... 1256.1.1 Half Duplex ............................................................................................ 1256.1.2 Full Duplex ............................................................................................. 1276.2 CONFIGURING NETWORK SERVICES ........................................................................ 1276.2.1 DHCP...................................................................................................... 1286.2.2 HTTP ...................................................................................................... 1306.2.3 FTP ......................................................................................................... 1336.2.4 SMTP/POP3 ........................................................................................... 1386.2.5 DNS ........................................................................................................ 1436.2.6 Firewall .................................................................................................. 1487 SKILL EXERCISES – PART I ................................................................................ 1597.1 DEVICE-TO-DEVICE CONNECTIONS ........................................................................ 1597.1.1 Connection of Devices According to the Scheme ................................... 1597.1.2 Connecting Devices to the Wi-Fi Router and Access Point .................... 1607.1.3 Connecting Computers That Are At Longer Distance Then 100 Meters 1617.1.4 Using a HUB to Connect Devices Into a Single Local Network ............... 1627.1.5 Using a Bridge to Limit Packet Collisions on a Local Network ............... 1637.2 CONFIGURE SERVICES ON SERVERS ........................................................................ 1647.2.1 DNS and HTTP Configuration ................................................................ 1647.2.2 Configuring DHCP and FTP .................................................................... 1657.2.3 Mail Server Configuration (SMTP, POP3) .............................................. 1678 CONFIGURING CISCO ROUTERS ...................................................................... 1718.1 EXPLORING THE EQUIPMENT OF CISCO ROUTERS ...................................................... 1718.1.1 Series 1841 ............................................................................................ 1718.1.2 Series 1941 ............................................................................................ 1738.1.3 Series 2620XM ....................................................................................... 1748.1.4 Series 2621XM ....................................................................................... 1778.1.5 Series 2811 ............................................................................................ 1788.1.6 Series 2901 ............................................................................................ 1798.1.7 Series 2911 ............................................................................................ 1798.1.8 IR829 Router .......................................................................................... 1808.1.9 819IOX Router ....................................................................................... 1818.1.10 CGR 1240 Router ................................................................................... 1828.1.11 ISR 4321 Router ..................................................................................... 1828.1.12 819IOX Router ....................................................................................... 1848.1.13 819HGW Router .................................................................................... 1848.1.14 Series PT Router ..................................................................................... 1858.2 CONFIGURE CISCO ROUTERS USING THE GRAPHICAL INTERFACE .................................. 1878.2.1 Interface Configuration ......................................................................... 1878.2.2 GUI-Configurable Routing Protocols ..................................................... 1928.2.2.1 Static Routing ................................................................................................ 1928.2.2.2 RIP Routing Protocol .................................................................................... 1968.3 CONFIGURING CISCO ROUTERS IN CISCO IOS ........................................................... 2008.3.1 Basics ..................................................................................................... 2018.3.2 Wizard Mode ......................................................................................... 2038.3.2.1 Simple Wizard Mode ..................................................................................... 2048.3.2.2 Advanced Wizard Mode ................................................................................ 2078.3.3 Basic Router Configuration Modes ........................................................ 2108.3.3.1 Console Mode Support .................................................................................. 2108.3.3.2 Using Help ..................................................................................................... 2128.3.3.3 View the Status of the Router ....................................................................... 2168.3.4 Configure Router Name, Passwords, and Message Of The Day (MOTD) ................................................................................................................... 2198.3.5 Other Modes of Operation of the Router .............................................. 2228.3.5.1 Console Port Configuration ........................................................................... 2238.3.5.2 Configuration of Virtual Terminals (Telnet, SSH) ........................................... 2248.3.5.3 Interface Configuration ................................................................................. 2288.3.5.4 Configuration of Sub-Interfaces..................................................................... 2358.3.6 DHCP Configuration ............................................................................... 2368.3.7 Static Routing Configuration ................................................................. 2388.3.8 RIP Routing Protocol Configuration ....................................................... 2418.3.9 EIGRP Routing Protocol Configuration .................................................. 2458.3.10 OSPF Routing Protocol Configuration .................................................... 2488.3.11 Local Definition of Router Names .......................................................... 2528.3.12 Save the Current Configuration ............................................................. 2548.3.13 Securing Your Configuration .................................................................. 2569 CONFIGURING CISCO SWITCHES ..................................................................... 2639.1 EXPLORING THE EQUIPMENT OF CISCO SWITCHES ..................................................... 2639.1.1 Switch 2950 ........................................................................................... 2639.1.2 Switch 2950T ......................................................................................... 2649.1.3 Switch 2960 ........................................................................................... 2649.1.4 PT-Switch and PT-Empty Switch ........................................................... 2649.1.5 Series 3560 ............................................................................................ 2669.1.6 Series IE 2000 ........................................................................................ 2669.2 CONFIGURE CISCO SWITCHES USING THE GRAPHICAL INTERFACE ................................. 2679.2.1 Interface Configuration ......................................................................... 2679.2.2 Configuring Virtual LANs (VLANs) .......................................................... 2709.2.3 Enabling Communication Between VLANs ............................................ 2749.3 CONFIGURING CISCO SWITCHES IN THE IOS ............................................................. 2789.3.1 Basic Information .................................................................................. 2789.3.2 Basic Switch Configuration Modes ........................................................ 2799.3.3 Interface Configuration ......................................................................... 2799.3.4 VLAN Configuration ............................................................................... 2809.3.5 Configuration of Virtual Terminals (Telnet, SSH) ................................... 2839.3.6 REP Protocol .......................................................................................... 2869.3.6.1 Purpose of REP .............................................................................................. 2879.3.6.2 Basic Concepts of REP .................................................................................... 28710 PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY IN THE CISCO PACKET TRACER ................................... 29310.1 ARRANGING DEVICES .......................................................................................... 30110.2 PHYSICAL CABLE LENGTHS AND DISTANCES ............................................................. 30110.3 CABLE MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................... 30411 SKILL EXERCISES – PART II ........................................................................... 30911.1 CONFIGURE DEVICES USING THE GRAPHICAL INTERFACE ............................................ 30911.1.1 Interface configuration, static routing .................................................. 30911.1.2 Switch Modes, VLANs Configuration ..................................................... 31011.2 ROUTING PROTOCOLS, REMOTE MANAGEMENT ...................................................... 31111.2.1 RIPv2 and Configuration Using Telnet, Local Name Definition ............. 31111.2.2 RIPv2 and Configuration Using Telnet, Local Name Definition ............. 31211.2.3 EIGRP and Configuration via SSH, HTTP and DNS ................................. 31311.3 VLANS, ROUTER ON A STICK, REMOTE MANAGEMENT ............................................. 31411.3.1 Switch Modes, VLAN Configuration ....................................................... 31411.3.2 VLAN Configuration, Routing Between VLANs ...................................... 31511.3.3 Remote Switch Management ................................................................ 31611.3.4 Protocol REP in Switches ....................................................................... 31712 WORKING WITH LARGE TOPOLOGIES ......................................................... 32112.1 INTRODUCTION TO DEVICE GROUPING ................................................................... 32112.2 DEVICE GROUPING – DESCRIPTION OF TOOL BUTTONS .............................................. 32112.3 DEVICE GROUPING – STEP-BY-STEP ALGORITHM ..................................................... 32212.4 MOVE A SINGLE DEVICE FROM THE CLOUD TO THE ROOT LEVEL .................................. 32412.5 MOVE A SINGLE DEVICE FROM THE ROOT LEVEL TO THE CLOUD .................................. 32612.6 PURPOSE OF THE SET TILED BACKGROUND BUTTON .................................................. 32712.7 RENAME A CLOUD .............................................................................................. 32912.8 MULTIUSER MODE ............................................................................................. 32913 DHCP PROTOCOL FOR IPV4 ......................................................................... 33913.1 INTRODUCTION TO DHCP .................................................................................... 33913.1.1 DHCP Basics ........................................................................................... 33913.1.2 DHCP Phases.......................................................................................... 34013.2 CONFIGURING DHCP ON THE SERVER .................................................................... 34513.2.1 Configuring the DHCP Server Service ..................................................... 34513.2.2 Erasing DHCP on the Server ................................................................... 34813.2.3 Disabling DHCP on the Server ................................................................ 34813.2.4 Deleting DHCP Address Pool on the Server............................................ 34813.3 CONFIGURING DHCP ON YOUR ROUTER ................................................................ 34913.3.1 Configure the Router (DHCP Server) Address Pool ................................ 35113.3.2 Viewing the Assigned IP Address Array in DHCP ................................... 35313.3.3 Verifying the DHCP Service Is Working on the Router ........................... 35313.3.4 Deleting the DHCP Configuration on the Router (DHCP Server) ............ 35513.3.5 Deleting DHCP Configurations on Computers (DHCP Clients) ............... 35513.4 DHCP ON A NETWORK WITH MULTIPLE ROUTERS .................................................... 35513.4.1 Set Up an Intermediary Router .............................................................. 35613.4.2 Start DHCP and Configure the Address Pool .......................................... 35713.4.3 Check the Array of Assigned IP Addresses on the Router ...................... 35813.5 CONFIGURING DHCP ON THE WIRELESS ROUTER ..................................................... 35813.5.1 Configuring DHCP on the WRT300N ...................................................... 35813.5.2 Configuring DHCP Based on MAC Addresses ......................................... 36414 SKILL EXERCISES – PART III .......................................................................... 37114.1 GROUPING DEVICES AND COMBINE TWO INSTANCES OF THE PROGRAM ....................... 37114.1.1 Grouping Devices ................................................................................... 37114.1.2 Device Grouping and Multiuser Function .............................................. 37214.2 DHCP FOR IPV4 ................................................................................................ 37314.2.1 Configuring DHCP on the Server ............................................................ 37314.2.2 Configuring DHCP on the Router ........................................................... 37414.2.3 Configuring DHCP on the Wireless Router ............................................. 37514.2.4 DHCP Configuration on a Server That Is on a Remote Network ............ 37615 MISTAKES MADE DURING NETWORK CONFIGURATION ...................... 38115.1 WIRING OR PORT ERRORS.................................................................................... 38115.2 DEVICE RELATED ERRORS ..................................................................................... 38315.3 IP ADDRESSING ERRORS ...................................................................................... 38316 LIST OF THE SAMPLES AND SKILL EXERCISE’S SOLUTIONS ............................ 39116.1 THE SAMPLE SOLUTION FILES ............................................................................... 39116.2 THE SKILL EXERCISE’S SOLUTIONS .......................................................................... 393