Intelligence-Driven Incident Response. 2nd Edition Chorzów

Using a well-conceived incident response plan in the aftermath of an online security breach enables your team to identify attackers and learn how they operate. But only when you approach incident response with a cyber threat intelligence mindset will you truly understand the value of that information. In this updated second edition, you'll learn the fundamentals of intelligence analysis as well as the best ways to incorporate these techniques into your incident response process.Each method reinforces the other: threat intelligence supports and augments incident response, while incident response generates useful threat intelligence. This practical guide helps incident managers, malware analysts, reverse engineers, digital forensics specialists, and intelligence analysts understand, implement, and benefit from this relationship.In three parts, this in-depth book includes:The fundamentals: Get an introduction to cyberthreat intelligence, the intelligence process, the incident response process, and how they all work togetherPractical application: Walk through the intelligence-driven incident response (IDIR) process using the F3EAD process: Find, Fix, Finish, Exploit, Analyze, and DisseminateThe way forward: Explore big-picture aspects of IDIR that go beyond individual incident response investigations, including intelligence team building Spis treści: Foreword to the Second Edition Foreword to the First Edition Preface Why We Wrote This Book Who This Book Is For How This Book Is Organized Conventions Used in This Book OReilly Online Learning How to Contact Us Acknowledgments I. The Fundamentals 1. Introduction Intelligence as Part of Incident Response History of Cyber Threat Intelligence The first intrusion Destructive attacks Moonlight Maze Modern Cyber Threat Intelligence The Way Forward Incident Response as a Part of Intelligence What Is Intelligence-Driven Incident Response? Why Intelligence-Driven Incident Response? Operation SMN SolarWinds Conclusion 2. Basics of Intelligence Intelligence and Research Data Versus Intelligence Sources and Methods Models Using Models for Collaboration Process Models OODA Observe Orient Decide Act Intelligence cycle Direction Collection Processing Analysis Dissemination Feedback Using the Intelligence Cycle Qualities of Good Intelligence Collection Method Date of Collection Context Addressing Biases in Analysis Levels of Intelligence Tactical Intelligence Operational Intelligence Strategic Intelligence Confidence Levels Conclusion 3. Basics of Incident Response Incident-Response Cycle Preparation Identification Containment Eradication Recovery Lessons Learned The Kill Chain Targeting Reconnaissance Hard data versus soft data Active versus passive collection methods Weaponization Vulnerability hunting Exploitability Implant development Testing Infrastructure development Certificates Servers Domains Email addresses Delivery Exploitation Installation System persistence Network persistence Command and Control Actions on Objective Example Kill Chain The Diamond Model Basic Model Extending the Model ATT&CK and D3FEND ATT&CK D3FEND Active Defense Deny Disrupt Degrade Deceive Destroy F3EAD Find Fix Finish Exploit Analyze Disseminate Using F3EAD Picking the Right Model Scenario: Road Runner Conclusion II. Practical Application 4. Find Actor-Centric Targeting Starting with Known Information Useful Information During the Find Phase Indicators of compromise Behavior Using the Kill Chain Road Runner: Building an initial kill chain Road Runner: Developing the kill chain Goals Victim-Centric Targeting Using Victim-Centric Targeting Victim-infrastructure connection Victim-capability connection Victim-adversary connection Asset-Centric Targeting Using Asset-Centric Targeting Capability-Centric Targeting Using Capability-Centric Targeting Media-Centric Targeting Targeting Based on Third-Party Notification Prioritizing Targeting Immediate Needs Past Incidents Criticality Organizing Targeting Activities Hard Leads Soft Leads Grouping Related Leads Lead Storage and Documentation The Request for Information Process Conclusion 5. Fix Intrusion Detection Network Alerting Alerting on reconnaissance Alerting on delivery Attachments Links Metadata Alerting on command and control Command and control via misuse of shared resources No command-and-control malware Alerting on impact System Alerting Alerting on exploitation Alerting on installation Alerting on impact Fixing Road Runner Network activity Intrusion Investigation Network Analysis Traffic analysis Applying intelligence to traffic analysis Gathering data from traffic analysis Signature-based analysis Applying intelligence to signature-based analysis Gathering data from signature-based analysis Full content analysis Applying intelligence to full content analysis Gathering data from full content analysis Learning more Live Response Memory Analysis Disk Analysis Applying intelligence to disk analysis Gathering data from disk analysis Enterprise Detection and Response Malware Analysis Basic static analysis File selectors: Yara Basic dynamic analysis Advanced static analysis Applying intelligence to malware analysis Gathering data from malware analysis Learning more about malware analysis Scoping Hunting Developing Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Conclusion 6. Finish Finishing Is Not Hacking Back Stages of Finish Mitigate Mitigating delivery Mitigating command and control Mitigating actions on objective Mitigating Road Runner Remediate Remediating exploitation Remediating installation Remediating actions on objective Remediating Road Runner Rearchitect Rearchitecting Road Runner Taking Action Deny Disrupt Degrade Deceive Destroy Organizing Incident Data Tools for Tracking Actions Personal notes The Spreadsheet of Doom Third-party, non-purpose-built solutions Purpose-Built Tools Assessing the Damage Monitoring Lifecycle Creation Testing Deployment Refinement Retirement Conclusion 7. Exploit Tactical Versus Strategic OODA Loops What to Exploit Gathering Information Information-Gathering Goals Mining Previous Incidents Gathering External Information (or, Conducting a Literature Review) Extracting and Storing Threat Data Standards for Storing Threat Data Data Standards and Formats for Indicators OASIS suite (aka STIX/TAXII) STIX 1 STIX 2.X TAXII MILE Working Group OpenIOC Data Standards and Formats for Strategic Information ATT&CK VERIS CAPEC Process for Extracting Step 1: Identify your goals Step 2: Identify your tools Step 3: Identify the system or process you will use Step 4: Launch and iterate Managing Information Threat-Intelligence Platforms MISP CRITs YETI Commercial solutions Conclusion 8. Analyze The Fundamentals of Analysis Dual Process Thinking Deductive, Inductive, and Abductive Reasoning Deductive reasoning Inductive reasoning Abductive reasoning Whats the reasoning for talking about reasoning? Analytic Processes and Methods Structured Analytic Techniques (SATs) Key Assumptions Check Analysis of Competing Hypotheses Indicator generation, validation, and evaluation Prepare an indicator list Validate and evaluate indicators Contrarian techniques Devils advocate What if analysis Red team analysis Futures Wheel Target-Centric Analysis Conducting the Analysis What to Analyze Enriching Your Data Enrichment sources WHOIS information Passive DNS information Certificates Malware information Internal enrichment information Leverage Information Sharing Developing Your Hypothesis Evaluating Key Assumptions Things That Will Screw You Up (aka Analytic Bias) Accounting for Biases Confirmation bias Anchoring bias Availability bias Bandwagon effect Mirroring Judgment and Conclusions Conclusion 9. Disseminate Intelligence Customer Goals Audience Executive Leadership Customer Internal Technical Customers External Technical Customers Developing Customer Personas Authors Actionability The Writing Process Plan Draft Start with the thesis statement Start with facts Start with an outline or bullet points Edit Intelligence Product Formats Short-Form Products Event summary Target package IOC report Long-Form Products Malware report Campaign report Intelligence estimate The RFI Process RFI request RFI response RFI flow example RFI request RFI response Automated Consumption Products Unstructured/semi-structured IOCs Road Runner unstructured IOCs Network signatures with Snort Road Runner network signatures Filesystem signatures with Yara Automated IOC formats Establishing a Rhythm Distribution Feedback Regular Products Conclusion III. The Way Forward 10. Strategic Intelligence What Is Strategic Intelligence? The Role of Strategic Intelligence in Intelligence-Driven Incident Response Intelligence Beyond Incident Response Red Teaming Vulnerability Management Architecture and Engineering Privacy, Safety, and Physical Security Building a Frame with Strategic Intelligence Models for Strategic Intelligence Target models Hierarchical models Network models Process models Timelines The Strategic Intelligence Cycle Setting Strategic Requirements Collection Geopolitical sources Economic sources Historical sources Business sources Analysis Processes for analyzing strategic intelligence SWOT analysis Brainstorming Scrub down Dissemination Moving Toward Anticipatory Intelligence Conclusion 11. Building an Intelligence Program Are You Ready? Planning the Program Defining Stakeholders Incident-response team Security operations center/team Vulnerability management teams Red teams/offensive engineers Trust and safety teams Chief information security officers End users Defining Goals Defining Success Criteria Identifying Requirements and Constraints Think Strategically Defining Metrics Stakeholder Personas Tactical Use Cases SOC Support Detection and alerting engineering Triage Situational awareness Indicator Management Threat-intelligence platform management Third-party intelligence and feeds management Updating indicators Operational Use Cases Campaign Tracking Identify the campaign focus Identifying tools and tactics Response support Strategic Use Cases Architecture Support Improve defensibility Focus defenses on threats Risk Assessment/Strategic Situational Awareness Strategic to Tactical or Tactical to Strategic? Critical Information Needs The Intelligence Team Building a Diverse Team Team and Process Development Demonstrating Intelligence Program Value Conclusion Index